Querying Data from a Table
Query Data in Columns c1, c2 from a Table
SELECT c1, c2 FROM t;
Query All Rows and Columns from a Table
SELECT * FROM t;
Query Data and Filter Rows with a Condition
SELECT c1, c2 FROM t
WHERE condition;
Query Distinct Rows from a Table
SELECT DISTINCT c1 FROM t
WHERE condition;
Sort the Result Set in Ascending or Descending Order
SELECT c1, c2 FROM t
ORDER BY c1 ASC [DESC];
Skip Offset of Rows and Return the Next n Rows
SELECT c1, c2 FROM t
ORDER BY c1
LIMIT n OFFSET offset;
Group Rows using an Aggregate Function
SELECT c1, aggregate(c2)
FROM t
GROUP BY c1;
Filter Groups using Having Clause
SELECT c1, aggregate(c2)
FROM t
GROUP BY c1
HAVING condition;
Modifying Data
Insert One Row into a Table
INSERT INTO t(column_list)
VALUES(value_list);
Insert Multiple Rows into a Table
INSERT INTO t(column_list)
VALUES (value_list),
(value_list), …;
Insert Rows from t2 into t1
INSERT INTO t1(column_list)
SELECT column_list
FROM t2;
Update New Value in the Column c1 for All Rows
UPDATE t
SET c1 = new_value;
Update Values in the Column c1, c2 that Match the Condition
UPDATE t
SET c1 = new_value,
c2 = new_value
WHERE condition;
Delete All Data in a Table
DELETE FROM t;
Delete Subset of Rows in a Table
SQL DELETE FROM t
WHERE condition;
Table Management
Create a new Table with Three Columns
CREATE TABLE t (
id INT PRIMARY KEY,
name VARCHAR NOT NULL,
price INT DEFAULT 0
);
Delete the Table from the Database
DROP TABLE t ;
Add a new Column to the Table
ALTER TABLE t ADD column;
Drop Column c from the Table
ALTER TABLE t DROP COLUMN c ;
Add a Constraint
ALTER TABLE t ADD constraint;
Drop a Constraint
ALTER TABLE t DROP constraint;
Rename a Table from t1 to t2
ALTER TABLE t1 RENAME TO t2;
Rename Column c1 to c2
ALTER TABLE t1 RENAME c1 TO c2 ;
Remove all Data in a Table
TRUNCATE TABLE t;